Current:Home > InvestEarth shattered global heat record in ’23 and it’s flirting with warming limit, European agency says -TrueNorth Finance Path
Earth shattered global heat record in ’23 and it’s flirting with warming limit, European agency says
Will Sage Astor View
Date:2025-04-08 07:45:11
Earth last year shattered global annual heat records, flirted with the world’s agreed-upon warming threshold and showed more signs of a feverish planet, the European climate agency said Tuesday.
In one of the first of several teams of science agencies to calculate how off-the-charts warm 2023 was, the European climate agency Copernicus said the year was 1.48 degrees Celsius (2.66 degrees Fahrenheit) above pre-industrial times. That’s barely below the 1.5 degrees Celsius limit that the world hoped to stay within in the 2015 Paris climate accord to avoid the most severe effects of warming.
And January 2024 is on track to be so warm that for the first time a 12-month period will exceed the 1.5-degree threshold, Copernicus Deputy Director Samantha Burgess said. Scientists have repeatedly said that Earth would need to average 1.5 degrees of warming over two or three decades to be a technical breach of the threshold.
The 1.5 degree goal “has to be (kept) alive because lives are at risk and choices have to be made,” Burgess said. “And these choices don’t impact you and I but they impact our children and our grandchildren.”
Sweat covers the face of Juan Carlos Biseno after dancing to music from his headphones as afternoon temperatures reach 115 degrees Fahrenheit (46.1 Celsius) July 19, 2023, in Calexico, Calif. (AP Photo/Gregory Bull)
The record heat made life miserable and sometimes deadly in Europe, North America, China and many other places last year. But scientists say a warming climate is also to blame for more extreme weather events, like the lengthy drought that devastated the Horn of Africa, the torrential downpours that wiped out dams and killed thousands in Libya and the Canada wildfires that fouled the air from North America to Europe. For the first time, nations meeting for annual United Nations climate talks in December agreed that the world needs to transition away from the fossil fuels that are causing climate change, but they set no concrete requirements to do so.
Copernicus calculated that the global average temperature for 2023 was about one-sixth of a degree Celsius (0.3 degrees Fahrenheit) warmer than the old record set in 2016. While that seems a small amount in global record-keeping, it’s an exceptionally large margin for the new record, Burgess said. Earth’s average temperature for 2023 was 14.98 degrees Celsius (58.96 degrees Fahrenheit), Copernicus calculated.
“It was record-breaking for seven months. We had the warmest June, July, August, September, October, November, December,” Burgess said. “It wasn’t just a season or a month that was exceptional. It was exceptional for over half the year.”
People suffering from heat related ailments crowd the district hospital in Ballia, Uttar Pradesh state, India, June 20, 2023. (AP Photo/Rajesh Kumar Singh)
There are several factors that made 2023 the warmest year on record, but by far the biggest factor was the ever-increasing amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere that trap heat, Burgess said. Those gases come from the burning of coal, oil and natural gas.
Other factors including the natural El Nino — a temporary warming of the central Pacific that alters weather worldwide — other natural oscillations in the Arctic, southern and Indian oceans, increased solar activity and the 2022 eruption of an undersea volcano that sent water vapor into the atmosphere, Burgess said.
Malte Meinshausen, a University of Melbourne climate scientist, said about 1.3 degrees Celsius of the warming comes from greenhouse gases, with another 0.1 degrees Celsius from El Nino and the rest being smaller causes.
Given El Nino and record ocean heat levels, Burgess said it’s “extremely likely” that 2024 will be even hotter than 2023.
Copernicus records only go back to 1940 and are based on a combination of observations and forecast models. Other groups, including the United States’ National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and NASA, the United Kingdom’s Meteorological Office and Berkeley Earth go back to the mid-1800s and will announce their calculations for 2023 on Friday, with expectations of record-breaking marks.
A person drinks a bottle of water in the shade as temperatures are expected to hit 119-degrees (48.3 Celsius) July 20, 2023, in Phoenix. (AP Photo/Ross D. Franklin)
The Japanese Meteorological Agency, which uses similar techniques as Copernicus and goes back to 1948, late last month estimated that it was the warmest year at 1.47 degrees Celsius (2.64 degrees Fahrenheit) above pre-industrial levels. The University of Alabama Huntsville global dataset, which uses satellite measurements rather than ground data and dates to 1979, last week also found it the hottest year on record, but not by as much.
Though actual observations only date back less than two centuries, several scientists say evidence from tree rings and ice cores suggest this is the warmest the Earth has been in more than 100,000 years.
“2023 was probably hottest year on Earth in about 125,000 years,” said Woodwell Climate Research Center climate scientist Jennifer Francis. “Humans were around before that but it’s certainly fair to say it’s the hottest since humans became civilized, depending on the definition of ‘civilized.’ ”
Amid record hot months were days that were downright unprecedented hot across the globe.
For the first time, Copernicus recorded a day where the world averaged at least 2 degrees Celsius (3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) more than pre-industrial times. It happened twice and narrowly missed a third day around Christmas, Burgess said.
And for the first time, every day of the year was at least one degree Celsius (1.8 degrees Fahrenheit) warmer than pre-industrial times. For nearly half the year — 173 days — the world was 1.5 degrees warmer than the mid-1800s.
Meinshausen, the Australian climate scientist, said it’s natural for the public to wonder whether the 1.5-degree target is lost. He said it’s important for people to keep trying to rein in warming.
“We are not abolishing a speed limit, because somebody exceeded the speed limit,” he said. “We double our efforts to step on the brakes.”
___
Read more of AP’s climate coverage at http://www.apnews.com/climate-and-environment
___
Follow Seth Borenstein on Twitter at @borenbears
___
Associated Press climate and environmental coverage receives support from several private foundations. See more about AP’s climate initiative here. The AP is solely responsible for all content.
veryGood! (37626)
Related
- 'Most Whopper
- The 43 Most Popular Amazon Items E! Readers Bought This Month: Trending Fashion, Beauty & More
- California Disney characters are unionizing decades after Florida peers. Hollywood plays a role
- Detroit Lions going from bandwagon to villains? As long as it works ...
- Which apps offer encrypted messaging? How to switch and what to know after feds’ warning
- Chants of ‘shame on you’ greet guests at White House correspondents’ dinner shadowed by war in Gaza
- A former Democratic Georgia congressman hopes abortion can power his state Supreme Court bid
- Survivor Season One Star Sonja Christopher Dead at 87
- Costco membership growth 'robust,' even amid fee increase: What to know about earnings release
- Jury finds Wisconsin man guilty in killing, sexual assault of 20-month-old girl
Ranking
- Travis Hunter, the 2
- Untangling Taylor Swift’s and Matty Healy’s Songs About Each Other
- Prom night flashback: See your fave celebrities in dresses, suits before they were famous
- Retrial of Harvey Weinstein unlikely to occur soon, if ever, experts say
- Which apps offer encrypted messaging? How to switch and what to know after feds’ warning
- Are you losing your hair? A dermatologist breaks down some FAQs.
- New York Jets take quarterback on NFL draft's third day: Florida State's Jordan Travis
- Gabby Douglas makes improbable gymnastics return nearly eight years after Rio Olympics
Recommendation
Man can't find second winning lottery ticket, sues over $394 million jackpot, lawsuit says
The Best Early Way Day 2024 Deals You Can Shop Right Now
Are you losing your hair? A dermatologist breaks down some FAQs.
Tennessee lawmakers adjourn after finalizing $1.9B tax cut and refund for businesses
Nevada attorney general revives 2020 fake electors case
Vanessa Lachey Says She Was Blindsided by NCIS: Hawai'i Cancellation
NFL draft best available players: Live look at rankings as Day 2 picks are made
Why OKC Thunder's Lu Dort has been MVP of NBA playoffs vs. New Orleans Pelicans